Assessing the efficacy of ubuntu in addressing crime in high density urban communities: case of Mbare in Harare.

Abstract

This study assessed the efficacy of Ubuntu in addressing crime in high-density urban communities, using Mbare in Harare as a case study. The study was motivated by the persistent increase in crime despite formal policing efforts and the apparent erosion of traditional Ubuntu values such as social cohesion, collective responsibility, respect, dignity and community participation. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which Ubuntu principles contribute to crime prevention and to recommend strategies for integrating indigenous knowledge systems into contemporary community policing initiatives. The study adopted a pragmatic research philosophy and employed a mixed-methods research approach using a cross-sectional research design. The target population comprised residents of Mbare, community leaders, and law enforcement stakeholders. A sample of 100 participants was selected using appropriate probability and non-probability sampling techniques, while 72 completed questionnaires were successfully returned, representing a 72% response rate. Primary data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and semi-structured interviews conducted within Mbare, Harare. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), employing descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and averages together with inferential statistics, including correlation analysis. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis through coding and identification of emerging themes. The findings established that Ubuntu significantly promotes social cohesion, collective responsibility, community participation, mutual trust, respect and community-based conflict resolution, all of which contribute positively to crime prevention. However, urbanisation, weakening communal relationships and declining adherence to Ubuntu values continue to undermine these benefits. The study concludes that revitalising Ubuntu principles can strengthen community policing and improve crime prevention outcomes. It recommends greater integration of Ubuntu values into policing policies, community awareness programmes, leadership initiatives and crime prevention strategies through collaboration among government, law enforcement agencies, local authorities and community members.