A Smart architecture for sustainable development in the artisanal and small-scale mining sector in Kadoma District

Abstract

This research explored the conceptualization of a smart architecture for sustainable development in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM). It applied the Natural Resources Curse Theory and the Driving Forces - Pressures - State of the Environment - Impacts – Responses theories to evaluate the ASGM activities against the dimensions of sustainable development that have been identified as economic, social, and environmental. The goal was to create a balanced ecosystem that promotes human livelihoods, while ensuring ecological, and economic viability. The study examined the sustainability of the ASGM in Wards 14, 15, and 16 also known as Chakari within the Kadoma District, Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. The strategies and methods employed in ASGM activities and how they affect sustainable development were interrogated and analysed. Qualitative data were gathered by interviewing the ASGM operators, community leaders, Ministry of Mines officials, and the officers from EMA. The findings of the study revealed that the ASGM activities permitted the operators to access quite some amount of gold ounces since the combined ASGM sector contributed above 60% of the total country’s gold output sold to the RBZ via Fidelity Printers and Refinery. However, the ASGM players have not been significantly contributing to the local sustainable development agenda through effective rehabilitation of their mined-out areas which have become extensively degraded with risks to animals, children, and human health. The integration of digital broadband services, especially with satellite broadband, such as the high-speed Star Link would constitute the centrepiece of a multi-faceted application to scale sustainable development in the ASGM sector