Temporal spatial distribution of wildlife mortalities in Zambezi and Victoria Falls national parks for the period 2015 – 2025

Abstract

This study investigated the patterns and drivers of wildlife mortalities in Zambezi National Park from 2015 to 2025. Using a census approach and field survey design, carcass records, patrol logs and surveillance data from the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority and Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust was analyzed to identify mortality drivers, temporal and spatial patterns. The results showed that wildlife had been impacted by ecological factors throughout the landscape (2020-2025). Mortality detection was also reduced during the COVID 19 were initially concentrated along the Zambezi River corridor (2015-2017) but later became stressors such as drought and water scarcity as well as human-related pressures including encroachment and livestock interactions. Kernel Density estimation revealed that mortalities pandemic due to reduced patrol activity. The study concludes that wildlife is increasingly vulnerable to climate variability and human activity and recommends adaptive patrols, sustainablefunding and community engagement.