The Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on enhancing the health and safety status of mine workers at Freda Rebecca Gold Mine.

Abstract

The mining sector remains one of the most hazardous industries globally, characterized by high rates of occupational injuries, chronic illnesses, and safety-related fatalities. At Freda Rebecca Gold Mine in Zimbabwe, persistent health and safety challenges, such as respiratory ailments, fatigue, exposure to heat and dust, and delayed incident responses have continued to affect worker welfare and productivity. This study investigates the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to enhance occupational health and safety (OHS) within the mine. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data collected through structured questionnaires with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews conducted with key informants, including mine managers and OHS officers. The study is guided by the pragmatic paradigm and informed by Systems Theory, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and Risk Management Theory. A sample of 120 respondents was selected from a target population of approximately 1,200 employees using stratified random sampling to ensure representation across departments and roles. Additionally, purposive sampling was used to select ten key informants for the qualitative component. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Probit regression modelling, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative responses. The findings reveal that AI acceptance among workers significantly correlates with the perceived improvement of OHS outcomes. However, AI awareness alone is insufficient without concurrent acceptance and practical application. The research also uncovers systemic deficiencies in current safety protocols, which are predominantly reactive and lack real-time responsiveness. Barriers to AI adoption, such as limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and worker resistance were also identified. Based on these findings, the study concludes that AI technologies have the potential to transform safety practices by enabling predictive risk assessment, continuous monitoring, and timely interventions. It recommends a phased and inclusive implementation strategy supported by worker training, infrastructural upgrades, and policy support.