Effectiveness of Community-led disaster risk reduction initiatives in enhancing household resilience in Chadereka, Muzarabani.

Abstract

Households in Chadereka, Muzarabani District, continue to face recurrent disasters such as floods and droughts, which threaten livelihoods and weaken community resilience. To address these challenges, community-led disaster risk reduction (CLDRR) initiatives have been introduced to enhance preparedness and adaptive capacity. This study assessed the effectiveness of these initiatives in strengthening household resilience in Chadereka. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative sample was determined using Yamane's (1967) formula based on a total population of 1,594 households (ZIMSTAT, 2022), yielding a desired sample of 320 households. However, due to logistical constraints including a compressed fieldwork timeline, seasonal agricultural activity, physical access difficulties and household unavailability, only 32 valid questionnaire responses were obtained, representing 10% of the intended sample. Qualitative data were collected through five key informant interviews and three focus group discussions with community leaders, NGO representatives, Civil Protection Department officials, and community members. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS version 26, while qualitative data were examined thematically following Braun and Clarke's (2019) six-step framework. The findings revealed that CLDRR initiatives, such as community-based early warning systems, conservation agriculture programmes, disaster preparedness training, and Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs), have improved awareness, cooperation, and response capacity among households. A statistically significant association was found between CLDRR participation and perceived reduction in household vulnerability (χ² = 18.47, df = 9). However, resource limitations, inadequate funding, low participation of women and youth, poor inter-agency coordination, and inadequate technical support constrained the overall effectiveness and sustainability of these initiatives. The study concludes that community-led initiatives play a critical role in reducing vulnerability and enhancing resilience but require ongoing institutional and financial support. It recommends stronger collaboration among communities, local authorities, and development partners to sustain and expand CLDRR interventions in Muzarabani District.