An evaluation of determinants which influence fishing activities. A case of Tugwi Mukosi resettlement cooperative scheme

Abstract

The study evaluated the determinants influencing fishing activities in the Tugwi Mukosi resettlement cooperative scheme in Zimbabwe, specifically addressing the problem of under-utilization of the Tokwe Mukosi dam for fish farming. The limited contribution of the dam to food self-sufficiency compared to other inland water bodies in Zimbabwe was a key concern. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as social-ecological systems theory and resource dependency theory, the researchers aimed to unravel the intricate web of social, economic, and environmental factors impacting fishing activities in the cooperative scheme. Through a systematic random sampling technique, 241 participants from the fishing community were selected to provide insights through closed questionnaires, which were subsequently analyzed using SPSS, the study used descriptive statistics, regression analysis and correlation analysis. The main findings related to land ownership in the Tugwi Mukosi resettlement cooperative scheme.The majority of respondents (68 out of 106) reported owning land. These crops are staple food crops and provide a source of sustenance and income for households. In addition to growing crops, landowners also owned livestock. The number of cattle owned varied between 10 to 30, while the number of sheep ranged from 20 to 35 and goats ranged from 25 to 55. The study on income-generating activities in the Tugwi Mukosi resettlement cooperative scheme found that approximately 12% of respondents were engaged in activities other than fishing. These activities included crop farming, livestock production for family consumption, and fish trading. Crop farming was the most prevalent activity among respondents, highlighting the importance of agricultural activities in their livelihood strategies. There is a strong positive correlation between fishing activity and the size of the nets used. The commonly caught fish species in the area, such as tilapia, bream, catfish, and lungfish. As fishing activity increases, there is a higher likelihood of catching these commonly targeted fish species. There is a positive relationship between fishing activity and market demand in the Tugwi Mukosi resettlement area. As fishing activity increases, there is a corresponding increase in market demand for the caught fish species. Domestic consumption and commercial use are important factors that influence fishing purposes. The regression analysis shows that approximately 71.6% of the variation in fishing purposes can be explained by these determinants. Understanding and considering these factors can help cooperative members tailor their fishing practices to maximize their outcomes. Policy implication and recommendations diversifying the fishing practices and target multiple fish species to cater to market demand and maximize economic returns. Enhance fishing training programs and knowledge-sharing platforms to improve fishing techniques and practices among cooperative members. Areas for further research Conduct a longitudinal study to track the socio-economic impacts and changes in fishing activities over time in the Tugwi Mukosi resettlement area.