Examining the efficacy of public education in mitigating challenges of drug and substance abuse among the youth in Chisamba Sakubva, Mutare Ward 3.

Abstract

This investigation looked at the efficacy of public education mitigating drug and substance abuse among youth aged 18-35 in Chisamba Sakubva, Mutare Ward 3. Two theories namely, Social Learning Theory (SLT) and the Health Belief Model (HBM), guided the study. Using a mixed-methods convergent parallel design, data were collected from 162 survey respondents, 15 key informants (educators, NGO representatives and community leaders) and 54 focus group participants, achieving a 94.5% response rate. The findings from questionnaire, interviews and group discussions were combined with previous studies to offer a clearer and extra reliable thoughtful of the issue. Findings revealed that drug and substance use is very high among the youth. The most common substances are Broncleer and cannabis. The study found that the major triggers unemployment and peer influence. Exposure to public education programs was moderate. The programs were mainly delivered through workshops, social media and peer educators were seen as a relatively credible source of information. However, the programs were also weakened by poor coverage, irregular delivery, limited resources, high participation barriers and low self-efficacy among youth. Participants emphasized the need for youth-led digital campaigns, vocational training, peer testimonials and continuous programming. Overall, while existing programs help raise awareness, structural gaps limit their impact, highlighting the need for year-round initiatives, integrated skills training, supported digital outreach on platforms like TikTok and WhatsApp and stronger links to counseling services to foster meaningful behavioral change.