The contribution of cattle production to household food security: The case of Hurungwe district

Abstract

This study focuses on the contribution of cattle production and its implications on household food security in Hurungwe district. The study took a descriptive study design where the researcher utilized a pragmatic research approach. Semi structured interviews were utilised to interview participants and key informants from district’s stakeholders. A total of twenty-four households were interviewed and five key informants were also interviewed. Dip tanks from which respondents were selected were purposively sampled. The researcher also gathered data through document review and observations. The study assessed cattle production pattern in the district and the resultant effect on household food security. The study also assessed household’s breeding, restocking and coping strategies, as well as land utilisation and reasons for stocking cattle. Findings showed a declining communal herd with households owning mostly indigenous breeds and an average of seven heads? per household. The land holding per household averaged at 0.5 hectares and the cattle herd composition of 55% cows, 28% heifers, 16% calves; with a notable, albeit worrisome finding that only 1% were bulls. This was noted as have negative implications on cattle production levels. 46% of the households were food insecure, and they all agreed that cattle were a source of food and livelihood through meat, milk, draught power and proceeds from sales. It also found out that 42% have reduced their number of meals; 33% have disposed of their assets and these include cattle so that they may have money to buy food. 46% have shifted to tobacco farming altogether. The study recommended a structured cattle breeding programme to encourage better breeds and increased restocking levels as well as by-laws to limit desertification through increased land and water pressure. Excavation of a dam to support increased cattle herds, deployment of more agricultural extension officers as well as regulation of the market system to incentivise cattle keepers through better prices for their cattle as well as through increased and improved market linkages.