To explore farmer preferences and the adoption of improved maize varieties in Zimbabwe. a case study of Seedco product advancement trials done across five regions

Abstract

This study articulated the farmers' preferences and the adoption of improved maize varieties in Zimbabwe. The study adopted the mixed method approach to find the quantitative value and thick descriptions of farmers’ preferences. To recruit study participants, the study employed two sampling techniques, which are: purposive and simple random sampling. A total of 307 participants were recruited, including the key informants. A survey method, in-depth interviews, and key informant interviews were adopted as data collection procedures. The data was analysed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. The study was guided by the ‘Structural Empowerment Theory as its theoretical framework. The first research question of the study was to identify the specific qualities and traits that farmers prioritize when selecting maize varieties. The research found that common traits and qualities preferred by farmers include: drought tolerance, large cob size, grain texture, disease tolerance, and early maturity, amongst others. The study also sought to assess the extent to which farmers have adopted improved maize varieties introduced by SeedCo. The results indicated that about 75% of the respondents were utilizing improved maize varieties from SeedCo. The study also intended to examine differences in adoption rates and preferences across the five regions involved in the trials. The results of the study portrayed that, across all 5 regions involved in the trials, Mashonaland Central had the highest adoption rate, followed by Mashonaland West and Mashonaland East, respectively. Masvingo province and Manicaland had the lowest adoption rates of improved maize varieties. Finally, the study sought to investigate the challenges and obstacles farmers face in adopting improved maize varieties. The results of the study postulated that unavailability, high cost of improved seeds, climate change, limited land, and gender discrimination were among the core challenges mentioned by the participants. From the results of the study, it is recommended that the government and NGOs should provide access to credit or financial assistance to help farmers purchase the seeds and inputs needed for new varieties. There is also a need to encourage the development of local markets and trade channels for maize products.